基于遥感技术的气象因素变化影响水稻单产定量研究

以黑龙江省五常市为研究区域，应用在水稻移栽期至成熟期选择的系列MODIS影像反演NDVI，通过NDVI间接反演LAI，并逐日拟合水稻全生育期的LAI，结合SIMRIW模型，计算研究区域2006年低温影响下的水稻单产。经演算，水稻单产值为5411．74kg／hm^2，是实际值的84％。研究结果表明应用高时间分辨率MODIS图像能够准确反演并拟合逐日LAI，可以为冷害影响下水稻单产的研究提供参考。     

Genotypic Variation for Cold Tolerance among Twelve Maize (Zea mays L.) Populations

The objectives of this study were (1) to ascertain the genetic differences for cold-tolerance traits in a series of diallel crosses among 12 maize populations grown in field experiments, and (2) to compare, in controlled environment rooms, the modification of various metabolic parameters of two sets of four F1 variety crosses which, according to the field experiments, differed largely in seedling early vigour (cold-tolerant [Ct] vs cold-sensitive [Cs] Fl sets). Under field conditions, cold-tolerance adaptability, as monitored by shoot dry matter accumulation, appeared genetically controlled; moreover, considerable differences existed among genotypes. Field data suggested that shoot dry weight was a good indicator of plant adaptability to periods of unfavorable cool conditions. The growth-chamber experiments showed that shoot dry weights of the two sets of hybrids (Ct vs Cs), were more uniform at the highest temperature regimes than under suboptimal temperatures. Moreover, the laboratory study indicated that the interval of time of attain a specific stage of development provided a meaningful and useful criterion for differentiating the capacity of maize plants to grow at low temperatures. Although a clear association between a particular metabolite and the capacity of plants to grow at low temperatures was not observed, it was of interest to note that the total N concentration in the shoot was significantly higher in the Ct plants compared to the Cs ones.     

Tolerance of barley seed germination to cold- and drought-stress expressed as seed vigour

In barley, high seed vigour is a precondition for rapid and homogenous field emergence and good malting quality. Seed vigour was defined as germination percentage under stress conditions (10°C, drought stress ‐ 2 Bars) in 7‐8 barley varieties grown in 7‐8 locations in the Czech Republic over 7 years. Three of the 7 years were not suitable for high seed quality, probably because of unsuitable weather, as average seed vigour reached only 61, 77 and 86%, respectively. In the remaining 4 years, the average vigour exceeded 94%. The impact of variety on seed vigour was higher in the ‘bad years’ and the impact of location was higher in the other years. Varieties with higher vigour from all locations in the ‘bad years’ were identified. Lower vigour was related to the high occurrence of fungi (indicated by ergosterol assays) and to lower field emergence rates of seed samples. The results support the possibility of selecting for improvement of barley seed vigour, which is related to tolerance to various conditions during emergence and to homogenous malting.     

The extent of similarity between near-isogenic lines of the Australian spring wheat variety Triple Dirk with their recurrent parent

Summary The near-isogenic lines of the wheat variety Triple Dirk supposed to differ only for Vrn genes have been investigated for their similarity to Triple Dirk and for purity. The NILs were found to differ from Triple Dirk. It was also discovered that Triple Dirk and the NILs each exist of more than one genotype. It is recommended that each NIL is tested for its Vrn-genotype and purified. New sets of Vrn NILs can only be made with these checked NILs and with one-plant progeny of the newly used recurrent parents.     

草莓的保鲜现状研究

草莓味道鲜美,受到人们的喜爱,但是却难以保藏。目前,草莓的保藏方法主要是控制温度,并使用保鲜剂进行贮藏。控制温度一般通过冷藏库实现。草莓控温在冰点以上进行冰温贮藏比普通的冷藏效果要好。而使用气调库、气调包装则能更好地保持草莓的新鲜度。     

超声波法提取黄芩挥发油工艺研究

以黄芩为试验样品,研究超声波法提取黄芩中挥发油的工艺条件。在单因素试验的基础上,采用L（93）3正交试验优化超声提取挥发油的工艺条件。结果表明,影响黄芩挥发油超声提取的主要因素是料液比,其次是超声时间和超声功率,优化工艺条件为：超声时间50 min,料液比1∶20,提取功率70 W。     

自然低温胁迫下腰果幼苗抗寒生理指标的研究

以腰果FL30幼苗为试材,测定在自然低温胁迫下相对电导率、丙二醛、可溶性糖、脯氨酸等生理指标,探索腰果在低温胁迫下的生理响应机制。结果表明:随着低温胁迫时间的延长,腰果叶片的脯氨酸含量持续上升;相对电导率、丙二醛和可溶性糖含量表现出先上升后下降又上升的变化规律,而下降所持续的时间不同。     

国槐种子超声波处理效应研究

为了探索超声波处理对国槐种子萌发的影响,利用47、59 KHz超声波对国槐种子进行了超声波处理.结果表明:用59 KHz超声波处理种子10 min效果最好,可以使国槐种子萌发率提高及发芽指数分别提高44.3％;59 KHz超声波处理种子5min后可溶性糖含量比对照值提高32.5％,淀粉含量提高7.96％;处理时间大于25 min,会明显降低种子淀粉含量;超声波处理对种子电导率及可溶性蛋白质含量没有明显的影响.     

高寒冷凉地区食用菌菌糠再利用研究

以双孢菇2796、鸡腿菇4号为试材,利用平菇、金针菇菌糠栽培双孢菇、鸡腿菇并进行羔羊育肥研究.结果表明:菌糠代粪肥栽培,双孢菇菌糠的添加量40％为最优;菌糠替代玉米芯或棉籽壳等生产主料栽培鸡腿菇添加20％～40％的菌糠和对照相比降低成本18％～35％,而产量仅下降9.6％～16.8％;菌糠饲料替代粗粮育肥羔羊菌糠添加20％育肥效果明显,增重率较对照高13.7％,毛体重较对照高3.2 kg,羔羊胴体重比对照组羔羊提高1.79 kg,屠宰率较对照提高2.2％.